利益分配型治理视角下的村民自治研究

On Villager Autonomy from the Perspective of Benefit Distribution Governance

税费改革后,城市化发展带来的征地拆迁、国家向农村转移支付力度的加大以及我国部分村庄内生利益的存在形塑了中国农村的利益密集性特征,利益分配成为村庄治理的核心任务,这为村民自治制度提供了施展空间。基于对既有文献和村民自治制度运行状况的反思,结合浙江宁海地区"村级权力清单36条"的村庄实践,研究认为可通过自上而下强制性制度输入方式来激活村民自治制度的规范化运行,发挥其治理功能,促使村庄形成公平、合理的利益分配秩序,缓和日益显见的村庄利益冲突和矛盾,保持农村社会稳定。

Since the reform of Rural Tax and Fee,the land expropriation and demolition brought about by urbanization development,the increasing of transfer payment from the state to the countryside,and the existence of endogenous interests in some villages in China-all have constituted the characteristics of interest-intensive in the countryside of our country.The distribution of interests becomes the core task of village governance,which provides space for the implementation of villagers autonomy system.Based on the reviews of previous studies and the reflections on the practice of villager autonomy system,combining the village practice of"36 Rules of Village Power"in Ninghai District of Zhejiang Province,this study shows that a compulsory adoption of the institution from top to bottom can motivate the villager autonomy in a standardized way,play an important role of governance function,make a rational and fare interests distribution order,ease the increasing village interests conflicts,and keep the stability of rural society.