人均收入增长对中国进口食品多样化的影响——非位似偏好视角

The Impact of Per Capita Income on the Diversification of Chinese Imported Foods: Non-Homothetic Preference Perspective

近年来,中国食品进口种类大幅增长,这是传统供给维度和贸易开放层面无法解释的新问题。本文从需求收入新角度,探究中国人均收入增长对中国食品进口种类影响的内在机制和影响程度。基于非位似偏好假设,从需求维度构建了人均收入影响进口种类多样化的分析框架,通过面板数据固定效应和系统GMM估计进行实证分析。研究发现,在控制供给因素和贸易开放程度前提下,中国人均收入增长(需求因素)显著提高了中国进口食品的多样化程度。同时,人均收入对中国进口食品多样化的影响受到距离(贸易成本)的牵制,但负向影响程度有限。这从需求维度对中国进口食品多样化给出了新的解释,对未来促进中国农产品品种供给契合消费者需求等方面都具有重要参考价值。

The variety number of China import food increases dramatically in recent years.This is a new issue that cannot be explained bythe supply side in international trade theories and also not totally explained by China's open market.The aim of this study is to explore the impact of China's average income growth on food import diversity through consumers demand perspective.Based on the assumption of non-homothetic preferences,this paper builds a theoretical model under the framework of EK model to describe the relationship between per capita income and the diversification of imported foods.This paper empirically tests the hypotheses by means of fixed effects model and system GMM of dynamic panel data.The results indicate that per capita income has a positive and significant influence on the diversification of imported foods.Meanwhile,it finds that the effect of per capita income on the diversification of imported foods is tied to the distance(trade cost)between trading countries,but the extent is limited.Our study provides a new angel explanation through demand side to the China's food import diversity.The results have important policy implication for identifying the target of food supply side reform and promoting the supply of agricultural products in China to meet the demand of consumer.