董仲舒以经学为基础构建儒学思想体系

Dong Zhongshu's Construction of Confucian Ideological System Based on Confucian Classics

孔子"述而不作",其实是"名述实创""以述为作,述中有作",创立儒家学派,集上古文化之大成。儒学是在经学的基础上形成的,没有经学也就没有儒学。董仲舒精通五经,尤致力于《春秋》公羊学,并以此为基础构建汉代仁义礼智信"五常"核心价值观,重建王道政治,批判现实、规范和匡正时君世主。同时他也受《诗经》《尚书》《左传》《周易》的影响。在儒家内部整合孟荀,在儒家以外以儒为主,整合道、法、阴阳、墨家等,构建了博大精深的新儒学思想体系,使得他成为一代大儒,实现了儒家思想在汉武帝时代与社会政治经济制度的结合,奠定了经学、儒学在汉代以后的主流和主导地位。

Confucius’s“narrating,not creating”is actually“narrating namely,creating actually”,“narrating as creating”,and“creating in narrating”.He established Confucian school and collected the great achievements of ancient culture.Confucianism was developed on the basis of Confucian classics.Without Confucian classics,there would be no Confucianism.Dong Zhongshu was proficient in Five Classics,especially in Gongyang Studies of the Spring and Autumn Annals.Based on this,he constructed the core values of the“Five Constants”of benevolence,righteousness,propriety,wisdom,and faith in the Han Dynasty.He reconstructed the kingship politics,criticized the reality,standardized and rectified the monarchy.Influenced by The Book of Songs,The Book of History,Tso Chuan and Zhouyi,by integrating Mencius and Xunzi in Confucianism,taking Confucianism as focus and integrating Taoism,Legalist,Yin-Yang,the Mohistm,etc,outside Confucianism,he constructed a broad and profound ideological system of new Confucianism,which not only made him become a great Confucian but also realized the combination of Confucianism and the social,political and economic system in the era of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty,thus laying the dominant position of Confucian classics and Confucianism after the Han Dynasty.