欧美国家以多元教育环境为基础的欺凌干预模型

The Intervention in Western Countries and Environmental Factors of Adolescents' Bullying

欺凌是一种伤害或骚扰,包含了欺凌与被欺凌双方地位上的不平等,以及反复发生的行为。对国内外学者的研究进行整理分析后发现,青少年欺凌主要受到环境因素影响:同辈群体环境、校园环境以及家庭环境。对西方国家中较为成熟的青少年干预手段与模型进行梳理与分析,认为青少年欺凌干预不应单纯从个体入手,而应从宏观层面对青少年的成长环境进行综合监管与干预,并需要学校、家庭以及其他部门的协力合作。

Generally speaking,bully is harassment,containing unequal status among bullies and victims and repeating.Bullying of adolescents is harmful for adolescents’development.The current study argued that adolescents’bullying is influenced by environmental factors,which includes school environmental factor,social environmental factor and family environmental factor.Furthermore,the current study did the literature review and claimed that the intervention of adolescents’bullying should focus on adolescent’s development environment instead of individual level.Meanwhile,schools,families,society and administration should cooperate together.