家学视域中的儒家齐家责任伦理

Confucian Family Responsibility Ethics from the Perspective of Family Learning

在儒家丰富的家庭伦理(亦可称为家庭美德)体系中,家庭责任是极为重要的组成部分。儒家所使用和理解的“家”的内涵有三种:家族、大夫封邑和家庭。儒家家庭责任伦理思想大体呈现为六个层面:把“齐家”纳入“三纲领”和“八条目”的责任框架之中,通过创建各种类型的道德规范确立家庭责任伦理,以“家”为明言范畴呈现家庭责任伦理的丰富意蕴,围绕家庭内外社会关系提出了一系列责任、义务、使命,阐明了家庭责任伦理的重要意义,一些儒家重要文献对齐家责任伦理做了独到的阐发。儒家家庭责任伦理思想分为“齐家”责任伦理和“孝悌”责任伦理两大方面。就齐家责任伦理而言,可以归纳为两大方面:一方面是亲子关系的家庭责任伦理,包括依德成家、教育兴家、耕读传家三个层次;另一方面是婚姻关系的齐家责任伦理,包括夫妇有别、互爱旺家和忠贞和家等。

In the rich family ethical systems of Confucianism(also known as family virtue),family responsibility is a crucial component.There are three connotations of“home”in Confucianism:family,bureaucrats'principality and household.Confucian family responsibility ethics mainly shows six layers:“Family-regulating”is brought into the responsibility framework of“three creeds”and“eight entries”;Family responsibility ethics is defined by creating various types of ethic;The rich connotation of family responsibility ethic is revealed by a definite category of‘home”;A series of responsibilities,obligations and missions are put forward around social relationships inside and outside family;The significance of family responsibility ethics is illustrated and some important Confucian literature makes original explanations of family responsibility ethics.Confucian family responsibility ethics can be divided into two major aspects:the responsibility ethics of governing family and filial piety.As for the responsibility ethics of regulating family,it can be summarized into two major aspects:one is family responsibility ethics of parent-child relationship,which includes making a family by virtue,prospering a family by education,and cultivation and reading.The other refers to family responsibility ethics of marital relations,including different roles of couples,mutual love and prosperity,loyalty and harmony.