基于数理统计的铁道车辆车轮轮缘厚度旋修值研究

Research on Optimal Lathing Value of Wheel Flange Thickness Based on Mathematical Statistics

合理的轮对维修策略对提升铁道车辆轮对检修经济性和服役安全性具有重要意义。文中在跟踪获取了运营单位大量轮对尺寸检修样本数据的基础上,实现了车轮轮缘厚度分布规律的描述和车轮磨耗特性的探究;基于线性"灰箱"映射关系模型,实现了对轮缘厚度参数的服役过程刻画,给出了一套确定最优轮缘厚度旋修值的方法。通过分析可见:车轮磨耗特性受线路条件和负载情况影响显著,重载将导致车轮踏面剧烈磨耗,固定线路运行容易引起车轮的偏磨,山区路况曲线多、半径小,导致轮缘磨耗显著,而列车的高速运行对踏面磨损损耗大;基于线性"灰箱"映射模型确定了所跟踪的3家运营单位轮缘厚度最优旋修值范围,按运行周期到限后参数仍有95%以上的可靠度,确定其最优范围分别为:铁路货车约为27.9～28.1mm,动车组为29.8～30.4mm,铁路机车约为31.8～32.3mm。

The study of reasonable lathing strategy has great significance for improving the economic efficiency and service safety on railway vehicle wheelset maintenance.Based on the large sample analysis of the wheel profile detection data onsite,the description of the wheel flange thickness distribution and the attrition characteristics are achieved.Based on the linear "grey box" mapping relation model,the service process of the flange thickness is described,and the optimal range of the flange thickness is given according to the limit value of the parameter maintenance.Through analysis,the wheel wear characteristics are greatly influenced by line conditions and load conditions.Heavy load will lead to the severe wear of the wheel tread section.The running of the fixed line will easily cause the wheel flange wear.The road condition of the mountain area has much multi curve and the radius is small,which leads to the sharp wear of the wheel flange.Based on the linear “grey box” mapping model,the optimal range of repair value of the flange thickness of the three operating units is determined,and the reliability of the parameters is still more than 95% after the operation period to the limit.The optimum range is that the railway freight car is about 27.9~28.1 mm,the EMU 29.8~30.4 mm,and the railway locomotive about 31.8~32.3 mm.