深水浅层天然气水合物采掘导向装置技术现状

Technology Status of Mining Guide Device of Natural Gas Hydrate in Deep Water Shallow Layer

天然气水合物的固态流化开采新方法和射流采掘破碎新工艺为海底浅层水合物的潜在商业开采提供了一种新思路,其商业化推进的关键是提高采掘速率,而采掘装置导向又是决定水合物商业开采效率的关键技术。针对旋转导向的转角、软体机器人材料和连续体机械臂的本体结构开展了相关导向技术应用于水合物采掘的适用性评价,论证了连续管超短半径导向工具和水力喷射采掘近钻头导向机器人技术的可行性。基于此,提出现有导向技术应用于海底浅层天然气水合物采掘导向存在的科学问题是地层及井壁稳定性、井径制约的装备尺寸、高曲率转向、原位实时探测、开采区域水合物储层地图构建和未开采区域路径规划;未来潜在的发展方向是采掘导向装置本体结构的轻量化、小尺寸、高灵活性、高强度材料的智能性和水合物储层位置实时监测与评估。

The new method with solid fluidization exploitation of natural gas hydrate(NGH)and the new technology with jet flow mining crushing provide new ideas for the potential commercial exploitation of non-diagenetic NGH in seabed shallow layer,and the key point in commercial exploitation is to increase the mining efficiency,and furthermore the mining device guide is the essential technology,which determine the NGH commercial exploitation efficiency.For rotary steering,soft-bodied robots and continuous mechanical arm technology,the relevant guide technology applied to applicability evaluation of NGH mining are carried out,which demonstrates the feasibility of the guide tool of continuous tube with ultra-short radius and the technology of near-bit guidance robots with hydraulic jet mining.Based on this,the scientific problems of existing guidance technology applied to the mining guidance of seabed shallow NGH are proposed,which contain the stability of formation and borehole wall,equipment dimensions restricted by well diameter,the diversion of high curvature,in-situ real-time detection,the map construction of mining regional NGH reservoir and path planning of the unexploited area.Furthermore,the future potential development directions of research on the light weight,small size,high flexibility,high strength of mining guide devices and the real-time monitoring and evaluation of NGH reservoir location are put forward.