试论“卓越教师”内涵的理解和建构

Understanding and Construction of the Notion of "Excellent Teacher"

目前对"卓越教师"的理解主要从教师素质结构或通过教师发展阶段区别不同层次的教师核心特征两方面展开,这两种解释都具备一定的局限性。由于素养具有的情境性、过程性和整体性特征,教师素养从"以何行动"和"如何行动"两个角度可以帮助人们更好地理解"卓越教师"的本质。教师素养的核心是可持续发展素养。教师的可持续发展素养可以看作是教师能够坚持教育理想、持续获取知识、主动对话环境、产生创造性行为并更新教师信念的能力品质。可持续发展素养不仅包含了教师"以何行动"要求的专业知识和专业技能,也包含了"如何行动"的行动框架。

Understanding of excellent teacher is illustrated mainly from two ways now:the quality structure of teacher and the core characteristics of teachers at different levels throughout the teacher development stages, both of which have certain limitations. Due to the situational, procedural and holistic characteristics of competence, a better understanding of the essence of excellent teacher can be reached with the help of teacher competence from the perspectives of "with what to act" and "how to act". And the core competence of teacher is the substantial competence,which means the teachers are capable of adhering to the education ideal, acquiring knowledge persistently, communicating with the environment actively, producing creative behaviors and updating their beliefs. The substantial competence contains not only the professional knowledge and ability required by "with what to act", but also the action framework of "how to act".