烯唑醇对“香梨”与“新梨7号”脱萼率和果实品质的影响

Effects of Diniconazole on the Abscics Calyx Rate and Quality of Fruit of Fragrant Pear and Xinli Seven Pear

[目的]研究烯唑醇对"香梨"与"新梨7号"脱萼率和果实品质的影响。[方法]以香梨和新梨7号为试材,在大蕾期分别喷施100、200、300、400 mg/L烯唑醇进行脱萼处理,果实成熟后,研究烯唑醇处理对香梨和新梨7号脱萼率和果实品质的影响。[结果]烯唑醇对香梨和新梨7号果实脱萼率和果实品质均有不同程度的影响。香梨和新梨7号经200 mg/L烯唑醇处理后,其脱萼率达到最大,分别为93%和86%。200 mg/L烯唑醇处理的香梨和新梨7号能显著增加果实单果重和纵横径,但果形指数无明显变化。400 mg/L烯唑醇能显著提高香梨和新梨7号梨果皮的叶绿素含量。200 mg/L烯唑醇能够提高香梨和新梨7号果实出汁率、增加果实干物质含量、增大果实硬度、提高果实可溶性固形物含量,100 mg/L烯唑醇能够降低香梨果实石细胞含量,新梨7号经200 mg/L处理后石细胞含量最低,200 mg/L烯唑醇时果实V_C含量最高。[结论]该研究可为香梨和新梨7号萼片脱落技术提供科学依据。

[Objective]To study the effects of diniconazole on the abscics calyx rate and fruit quality of fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear .[Method] Taking fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear as test materials,spraying 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/L of diniconazole in the big flower bud stage, respectively. After the fruit matures, the effects of diniconazole treatment on the decalyx rate and fruit quality of fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear were studied.[Result] The effect of the diniconazole on the rate of abciscs calyx and fruit quality were different. After fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear were treated with 200 mg/L enazole, the decalation rate reached a maximum of 93 % and 86 %, respectively. Effect of diniconazole spraying on external quality of pear, the fruit weight of fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear increased significantly after treatment with 200 mg/L. But there was no obvious change in the fruit shape index. Spraying 400 mg/L diniconazole significantly increased the chlorophyll content of peel of fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear. Spraying 200 mg/L diniconazole could increase the juice yield of fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear, increase the dry matter content of fruit, increase the fruit hardness and improve the fruit soluble solids. Spraying 100 mg/L of diniconazole could reduce the content of stone cells in fragrant pear fruit. The content of stone cells was the lowest in Xinli seven pear fruit treated with 200 mg/L. The highest vitamin C content was found in fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear treated with 200 mg/L.[Conclusion] This study can provide scientific basis for the technique of sepal dropping of fragrant pear and Xinli seven pear.