应用导师制专科住院总模式培养专科专业护士的效果研究

Study on the effect of applying the tutor system in the general hospitalization mode to train specialist nurses

目的探讨应用导师制专科住院总模式培养专业护士的效果,以培养护士的临床思维、提高专科理论及技能,提高护士评估、观察及判断能力为目的,让护士在临床实践中能抓住重点问题,最终寻求解决问题的办法。方法选取我院各临床科室40名具有3年以上本专科经历、专科以上学历的护士,参考《临床住院总医师的培训管理办法》以住院总医师、护士长和专科护士作为导师,进行为期3个月的临床培训,实行24 h在岗,以理论联系实际的个案护理作为基本方法,观察40名护士在培训前后自我效能、护士核心能力、工作满意度和职业倦怠4个方面的情况。结果 40名护士在培训后自我效能感、工作满意度和核心能力总分值均较培训前有不同程度提升,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。工作倦怠总得分培训前后比较差异虽无统计学意义,但玩世不恭、成就感低落2个维度较培训前有所改善。结论导师制专科住院总的培养模式能提高护士核心能力,提高护士职业自信心和工作满意度,提升护士自学能力,激发护士自我发展潜力,对稳定护士队伍具有良好促进作用。

Objective To explore the effect of applying the tutor system in the general hospitalization mode to train specialist nurses, thus cultivating nurses' clinical thinking, improving their theory and skills of the specialists. With the aim of improving the ability of nurses to evaluate, observe and judge, this study expected to let nurses to grasp key issues in clinical practice and seek solutions to the problem finally. Methods A total of 40 nurses with more than 3 years of undergraduate experience and college degree in each clinical department of our hospital were selected as the study subjects. With reference to the “Measures for the Training Management of the Clinical Hospitalization Physician”, the inpatient chief physicians, head nurses and specialist nurses were used as the mentors in the study to conduct three months of clinical training by 24-hours on duty. Taking the basic method of combining theory and practice together, the self-efficacy, nurse core competence, job satisfaction and job burnout of these 40 nurses before and after the training were observed. Results After training, 40 nurses had different levels of improvement in self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and core competence scores that that before training,and the difference was statistically significant( P <0.05). Although the difference in total scores of job burnout before and after training was not statistically significant, the two dimensions of cynical and low achievement were improved compared with those before training. Conclusion The tutor system in the general hospitalization mode can improve the core competence, the professional self-confidence and job satisfaction of nurses. Meanwhile, it can improve the self-learning ability of nurses, and stimulate the self-development potential of nurses. So, it can promote the stabilization of the nurse team.