水肥一体化施肥对草莓产量与品质的影响

Effects of Integration of Water and Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Strawberry

在设施栽培条件下,对大棚草莓常规施肥和水肥一体化不同施肥模式进行了比较,同时进一步研究了水肥一体化施肥方式下不同施肥量、氮磷钾配比等因素对草莓生长发育及品质的影响。试验结果表明,采用水肥一体化技术比常规施肥方式能节肥35.10%,水肥一体化模式中施氮量48.00 kg/hm^2,施磷量32.10 kg/hm^2,施钾量95.10 kg/hm^2,N∶P∶K为1.00∶0.67∶1.98施肥处理的草莓产量、可溶性固形物含量、单果质量等指标较常规处理分别增加了39.50%、23.10%和24.60%,呈现明显差异,较常规施肥模式增收18.04万元/hm^2,与其他不同施肥模式处理之间也均在整体生长中期或后期呈现明显差异。

The comparative test had been carried out between conventional fertilization and integrated fertilization modes of water and fertilizer in greenhouse strawberry under the condition of facility cultivation. At the same time, the further study of the effects of different fertilizing dosage and N, P, K ratios on the development and quality of strawberry under the condition of integrated fertilization of water and fertilizer. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization, the technology of integrated of water and fertilizer could effectively save fertilizer, and the fertilizer-saving rate was 35.10%. The application amount of nitrogen phosphorus and potassium in the optimal fertilization treatment were 48.00, 32.10, 95.10 kg·hm-2 (N:P:K=1.00∶0.67∶1.98). The indications of yield, soluble solids content, and fruit weight in the optimal fertilization treatment increased by 39.50%, 23.10%, and 24.60% respectively compared with the conventional treatment. Its income was also increased by 180 400 Yuan/hm2 when compared with conventional treatment, and it had obvious difference with other fertilizing modes in whole middle or late growth period.