关注干眼的系统治疗方法

Focusing on systematic therapy of dry eye

干眼是多因素综合作用引起的眼表疾病,其特征是泪膜稳态失衡,眼表微环境改变,进而导致眼表的不适症状,其发病机制包括泪膜不稳定、泪液高渗透压、眼表炎症与损伤以及角膜神经感觉异常。干眼严重影响患者的工作和生活质量。随着科技的进步,干眼的治疗方法不断更新,轻中度干眼和重度干眼的治疗方法也有所不同。干眼治疗方法的选择因患者病情和治疗机构的条件而异,系统性、规范化、综合性的治疗可明显改善治疗效果。本文系统性总结了传统的与新兴的干眼治疗方法,这些方法操作简单,临床上切实可行,可为不同类型的干眼临床治疗提供参考。

Dry eye is an ocular surface disease caused by multiple factors,which is characterized by imbalance of tear film homeostasis,changes of ocular surface micro-environments and ocular uncomfortable symptoms.Tear film instability,tear hyperosmolarity,ocular surface inflammation and damage and corneal neurosensory abnormalities play etiological roles in the process of dry eye.Dry eye seriously affects work and life quality of the patients.With the progress of science and technology,the treatment of dry eye is becoming more diversified.The therapeutic methods are different for mild,moderate and serous dry eye.The choice of therapies actually depends on the individual state and condition of therapeutic institutions.A systemic,standardized and comprehensive therapy is associated with the improvement of treatment outcome.This article systematically summarizes the traditional and emerging treatments of dry eye,which are clinically feasible and can provide reference for choosing treatment methods.