东海海岸带生态安全评价及景观优化研究

Study on ecological safety evaluation and landscape optimization of the East China Sea coastal zone

本文以东海区海岸带为例,采用空间主成分分析法,对2015年东海区沿岸县级陆域的生态安全程度进行评价,并运用累积阻力模型,分析东海区海岸带的生态源地、廊道和核心节点,在此基础上提出优化布局思路。结果表明:(1)林地、气候和地貌等自然要素及其质量对区域生态安全性有显著影响,植被覆盖度对生态安全的贡献率占38.8%,是影响生态安全最重要的因子;此外,开发建设程度亦有影响生态安全的效果,此效果略小于自然要素;(2)东海海岸带的生态安全指数在1.61～5.89之间,表明东海区生态环境质量大体趋好,生态安全指数呈现出显著的南北分异和东西分异态势;(3)构建以"四片区、三组团、两廊道、多中心"为核心的东海区海岸带生态景观的优化布局方案,以期为海岸带地区生态安全建设提供参考。

Taking the East China Sea coast as an example, this paper uses the spatial principal component analysis method to evaluate the ecological safety at the county-level land along the coast in 2015. The cumulative resistance model is used to analyze the ecological source, corridor and core of the coastal zone of the East China Sea. Based on this, an optimized layout is proposed. The results show that:(1) Natural factors such as forest land, climate and landform and their quality have significant influence on regional ecological safty, where the vegetation coverage is the most important factor, contributing to 38%. The degree of development and construction also has an effect on ecological safty, which is slightly less than natural factors;(2) The ecological safety index of the East China Sea coastal zone is between 1.61 and 5.89, indicating that the habitat quality in the East China Sea is generally better, the ecological safty index shows significant north-south differentiation and east-west differentiation;(3) The optimized layout of the ecological landscape of the coastal zone in the East China Sea featured by the " Four Zones, Three Groups, Two Corridors and Multi-Centers", providing a reference for the ecological safety construction of the coastal zone.