新疆西北地区原奶和手工奶酪中屎肠球菌耐药性及毒力基因分析

Drug Resistance and Virulence Genes Analysis in Enterococcus faecium from Hand-Made Cheese and Raw Milk in Xinjiang NW Area

对来源于新疆西北地区的动物原奶和手工奶酪中的屎肠球菌的抗生素耐药性及毒力基因进行分析。采用纸片法检测屎肠球菌对13种不同抗生素敏感性以及PCR检测毒力基因的分布。原奶中屎肠球菌对环丙沙星、红霉素、四环素的耐药率为80%、15%、5%,此外,原奶中还出现3种耐药谱。奶酪中的屎肠球菌对环丙沙星、链霉素、利福平的耐药率分别为84.3%、40%和37.1%,但对其余抗生素的耐药率均低于9%,其中对万古霉素的耐药率为4.3%。此外,奶酪中屎肠球菌表现出17种耐药谱,其中一种耐药谱含10种抗生素。毒力基因agg(31.4%)、esp(34.3%)、gelE(37.1%)、efaAfm(32.9%)、cylA(30%)、cylB(7.1%)、cylM(8.6%)在奶酪中都有检测到,而在原奶中仅检测到gelE(15%)和efaAfm(65%)基因。原奶和手工奶酪中屎肠球菌的耐药性和毒力基因的分布显示手工奶酪对消费者身体健康具有安全隐患。

Antibiotic resistance and virulence genes of Enterococcus faecium strains isolated from animal raw milk and hand-made cheese collected from NW area in Xinjiang were tested. The antimicrobial susceptibility of E. faecium strains was performed by disc diffusion method with 13 antibiotics, and the virulence genes distribution was tested by PCR. The drug resistant rate to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin and tetracycline in E. faecium strains from raw milk were 80%, 15%, and 5% respectively. In addition, E. faecium strains from raw milk also exhibited 3 drug-resistant patterns. The drug resistant rate to ciprofloxacin, streptomycin and rifampicin in E. faecium strains from hand-made cheese were 84.3%, 40% and 37.1%, respectively. However, the resistant rate to the other antibiotics in hand-made cheese was lower than 9%, among them the drug-resistance rate to vancomycin was 4.3%. In addition, E. faecium strains from hand-made cheese exhibited 17 resistant patterns and one of them contained 10 antibiotics. The virulence genes of agg (31.4%), esp (34.3%), gel E (37.1%), efa Afm (32.9%), cyl A (30%), cyl B (7.1%), and cyl M (8.6%) were tested in E. faecium strains from hand-made cheese, while genes of gel E (15%) and efaAfm (65%) were tested in E. faecium strains from raw milk. The distribution of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in E. faecium strains from raw milk and hand-made cheese showed that the hand-made cheese possessed hidden hazard to the consumers′ health.