从体制性吸纳到建制性协商——从托克维尔悖论谈起

From Institutional absorption to Constructive Negotiation——Beginning the Discussion with the Tocqueville Paradox

传统的社会稳定性维持往往通过体制性吸纳来实现,将原体制外的精英吸纳到现体制下以达到政治体制权力扩大的目的。但是体制性吸纳可能会由于体制庞大而成本升高,以至于体制性吸纳能力丧失,进而导致政治转型。随着社会的不断进步、社会环境的不断复杂,政治生态的发展迫切需要体制内的精英与体制外的精英之间的吸纳和协商,即建制性协商,从而更好地维持体制的稳定性,推动现代社会政治的良性发展。通过"托克维尔悖论"探讨精英行为与政治转型,并分析体制性吸纳与政治转型的关系,明确从体制性吸纳到建制性协商的客观性、必然性以及迫切性。

The traditional social stability maintenance is often realized through institutional absorption. The elites outside the original system are absorbed into the present system to achieve the purpose of expanding the power of the political system. However, the institutional absorption may be due to the huge system and rising costs, so that institutional absorptive capacity will be lost, leading to political transition. With the continuous progress of society and the ever complicated social environment, the development of political ecology urgently needs the absorption and negotiation between the elites within the system and the elites outside the system, namely, the constructive negotiation so as to better maintain the stability of the system and promote the healthy development of modern social politics. This article discusses the elite behavior and political transition through“Tocqueville Paradox”, then analyzes the relationship between institutional absorption and political transition, and clarifies the objectivity, inevitability and urgency from institutional absorption to institutional negotiation.