考虑驱动系统的高速列车动力学分析

Dynamic analysis of high-speed train with considering drive system

高速列车依靠多组驱动系统的持续运行维持其高速运行,带驱动系统的车辆会表现出不同的动力学特性。在牵引工况下,驱动系统的轮轨粘着特性曲线表现出先升后降的趋势。采用Polach轮轨接触算法,首先建立单轮对驱动系统模型,定性分析了驱动系统的扭转振动特性。然后建立带驱动系统的整车动力学模型,将仿真结果与实验数据对比,验证建立模型的正确性。研究结果表明:在牵引工况下,纵向蠕滑率为负;制动工况下,纵向蠕滑率为正;横向蠕滑率也有一定程度的波动;在牵引和制动工况下磨耗功相比匀速时增大,制动工况比牵引工况增大40%。考虑驱动系统模型转向架其蛇形运动频率低于未考虑驱动系统模型,稳定性有所提高;由于驱动系统的振动引起轮轨系统的振动响应波动,采用考虑驱动装置的车辆模型安全性指标相比未考虑驱动系统模型均有所增大,两种模型平稳性指标两个模型区别不大。

High-speed trains maintain their high-speed operation through the continuous operation of multiple drive systems.Vehicles with drive systems will exhibit different dynamic characteristics.Under traction condition,the wheel rail adhesion curve of the drive system shows a phenomena of first-rise-then-decrease.In this paper,Polach wheel-rail contact algorithm is used to establish a single wheelset model with drive system,and the torsional vibration characteristics of the drive system are qualitatively analyzed.Then the vehicle dynamic model with drive system is established,and the simulation results are compared with the experimental data to verify the validity of the model.The results show that under traction condition,the longitudinal creepage is negative while positive under brake condition.The lateral creepage fluctuates to a certain extent under the condition of traction and brake.The wearing power of the wheel under condition of traction and brake are larger than the constant speed condition,with 40% higher under brake condition than the traction condition.Considering the drive system model bogie whose the hunting motion frequency of the bogie for the drive system model is lower than that without the drive system model,and so the stability is improved.As the vibration of the drive system causes the fluctuation of the vibration response of the wheel and the rail system,the safety indexes of the vehicle model considering the driving device are all higher than that of the model without considering the drive system.There is little difference of the ride index between the two models.