摄影人类学的困境与前景

Constructing “Otherness” :Documentary Photography and Visual Anthropology

以社会纪实摄影和人类学影像为研究对象,来探讨摄影人类学的困境和前景。通过梳理两者在建构他者的过程中形成互相呼应的表达范式,进而分析其背后的具有一致性的认识论发展脉络。在主体和对象关系上两者皆通过强化差异性来把他者对象化处理;都经历了从猎奇异化到系统性现场观察方法的方法论发展脉络;科学主义和形式美学成为文本的客体化建构的双重路径;而在意义网络的建构上,两者均需要通过阐释学的引入,来反思、拓展"自我"与"他者"的影像联系和文化关系。

With the documentary photography and anthropological photography as objects of research,this paper discusses the predicament and prospects of Anthropology of Photography,sorts out their paradigm in visual expression that interact with each other during the construction of the"otherness",then analyzes the similar development formed through the potential epistemology.In the relationship between subject and object,both Anthropology and Photography treat"otherness"as object by strengthening the differentiation of people;both of them have undergone a development of methodology from the alienation and antiquarian to systematic field observation.Scientism and formal aesthetics have become dual path of the objectification of text.In the construction of meaning network,both should reflect and expand the image connection and the cultural relationship between"self"and"otherness"with the introduction of hermeneutics.