受贿罪中“利用职务上便利”界定的困顿与超越

The Predicament and Solution in Defining "Taking Advantage of Duty" in Guilty of Bribery

受贿罪中的国家工作人员是典型的身份犯,所以"利用职务上便利"的界定就显得尤为关键。目前无论"法定职务权限说"抑或"实际职务权限说"都是以静态的实定法为依托,忽视了职务行为是以动态社会生活为中心而展开的社会事实。应该借助于"法律介入可能性"与"事实参与可能性"互动来对国家工作人员的行为属性进行检视。以上两种理论紧密结合,交互作用,共同构成了"利用职务便利"界定的新途径。

The state officials in guilty of bribery is typical criminals related to status, so it is particularly important to define "taking advantage of duty". The current theories of both "statutory duty authority" and "actual duty authority" are based on static positive laws, and ignore the social fact that official behaviours are centered on dynamic social life. Therefore, the behavioral attributes of state officials should be examined under the interaction of "the possibility of legal intervention" and "the possibility of factual participation". The above two theories are closely combined and interactive with each other, which together constitute a new path to define "taking advantage of duty".