南非华人的历史、现状与文化适应

History,Present Situation and Cultual Adaptation of Overseas Chinese in South Africa

作为多种族多族群社会中的一个最小群体,南非华人一直在白人与黑人之间的夹缝中谋求生存与发展,受到政治与国际关系的影响。1948年南非国民党大选获胜,以及1949年中华人民共和国成立,构成了20世纪中叶南非华人历史的转折点,中国台湾移民的涌入大大提升了华人在南非的社会地位。随着1998年中国与南非正式建交,两国高层互访不断,关系全面发展,南非华人对祖国的认同感在逐渐加深,并通过教育、传媒、信仰等多种方式来不断强化与深化对中国的认同。

As the largest group of overseas Chinese in 54 African countries, the overseas Chinese in South Africa who mainly come from the mainland, Taiwan and Hong Kong of China, account for 350,000 and resident in Johannesburg, the business center, Pretoria, the capital, and other coastal cities such as Port Elizabeth and Cape Town. However, as the smallest community in a society of various races and communities and influenced by the politics and international relations, the overseas Chinese in South Africa are fighting their way to survival and development between the white and the black. The election victory of National Party of South Africa in 1948 and Chinese KMT Party's retreat in defeat to Taiwan in 1949 are the historical turning point for the overseas Chinese in South Africa in the mid-20th century when the social status of overseas Chinese was greatly promoted thanks to the influx of immigrants from Taiwan. With the establishment of the official diplomatic relations between People's Republic of China and South Africa, the two countries have witnessed more and more high-level visits and all-round development in bilateral relations. The recognition of China among overseas Chinese in South Africa has been deepened and strengthened by means of education, media and faith.