输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗孤立肾肾结石50例临床护理

Clinical Nursing of 50 Cases of Isolated Kidney Stones Treated with Holmium Laser Lithotripsy under Ureteroscope

目的:探讨输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗孤立肾肾结石患者的护理方法及效果。方法:对2017年3月～2018年6月行输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术治疗的50例孤立肾肾结石患者给予系统性围术期护理干预。比较术前和术后2周患者肾功能,焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分,视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分,并发症发生情况,结石清除率。结果:术后2周患者血肌酐水平、尿素氮水平、SAS评分、SDS评分和VAS评分均较术前下降,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);患者术后2周血尿、腰痛、膀胱刺激征等并发症发生率低于术前(P<0.05);结石清除率为96.0%。结论:输尿管镜下钬激光碎石术配合系统性围术期护理,可以有效改善患者肾功能,降低并发症发生率,改善患者预后。

Objective:To explore the nursing methods and effects of ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for patients with isolated renal calculi.Methods:Systematic perioperative nursing intervention was given to 50 patients with isolated kidney stones who underwent ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy from March 2017 to June 2018.Renal function,SAS and SDS scores,VAS scores,complications,and stone clearance rate were compared before and 2 weeks after surgery.Results:Serum creatinine level,urea nitrogen level,SAS,SDS and VAS were all decreased 2 weeks after surgery,and the difference was statistically significant( P <0.05).The incidence of complications such as hematuria,low back pain and bladder irritation at 2 weeks after surgery was lower than that before surgery( P <0.05).The stone clearance rate was 96.0%.Conclusion:Ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy combined with systemic perioperative nursing can effectively improve the renal function,reduce the incidence of complications and improve the prognosis of patients.