低聚果糖对仿刺参生长及生长免疫因子的影响

Effects of Dietary Fructo-oligosaccharides on Growth Performance and Immunological Competence of Sea Cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

在基础饲料中分别添加0(对照组)、0.20%、0.40%、0.60%、0.80%、1.00%的低聚果糖,制作6组等氮、等能的试验饲料,投喂初始体质量约20 g的仿刺参14周,研究低聚果糖对仿刺参生长、体成分、机体生长免疫因子及肠道糖代谢酶活力的影响。试验结果表明,低聚果糖添加量对仿刺参的成活率无显著影响(P>0.05),但显著影响了仿刺参的质量增加率和特定生长率(P<0.05);仿刺参体壁基本成分不受低聚果糖添加量的影响(P>0.05),总糖含量随低聚果糖的升高而升高(P<0.05);体壁中甘氨酸、半胱氨酸及精氨酸含量随低聚果糖含量的增加呈先升后降的趋势,分别在0.40%、0.50%、0.80%组达到最高,显著高于0%组(P<0.05);体腔液中生长激素、补体C3、补体C4及一氧化氮合酶含量均随低聚果糖的升高呈先升后降的趋势,但肠道丙酮酸激酶和己糖激酶活力均随低聚果糖的升高而升高(P<0.05)。以质量增加率为评价指标,经二次曲线回归分析,仿刺参饲料中低聚果糖的适宜添加量为0.55%。

Juvenile sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with body weight of some 20 g were fed six isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets containing fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) at a rate of 0,0.20%(group D 0.20 ),0.40%(group D 0.40),0.60%(group D 0.60),0.80%(group D 0.80),and 1.00%(group D 1.00 ) at water temperature of 15.2-18.4 ℃ for 14 weeks to investigate the effects of dietary FOS on growth performance,body composition and immunological competence of the sea cucumber. The survival rates were not shown to be affected by dietary FOS,and both weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly affected by dietary FOS ( P <0.05). There were no difference in basic compositions of the sea cucumber among the experimental groups,meanwhile total sugar was significantly elevated with increase in dietary FOS levels ( P <0.05). Contents of Gly,Cys and Arg in body walls were found to be increased first and then decreased,with the maximal level in groups D 0.60,D 0.80,and D 1.00. Growth hormone,complement 3,complement 4 and nitric oxide synthase were all shown to be a trend of rising first and then decreasing with the increasing in FOS levels,but the activities of pyruvate kinase and hexokinase were increased with the increasing dietary FOS levels. The quadratic regression analysis indicated that the optimum dietary FOS levels of sea cucumber with body weight 20 g was 0.55% with weight gain rate as evaluation indictor.