与电影版权相关的公共领域保护——基于哈贝马斯的公共领域理论

Public Sphere Protection Related to Film Copyright System ——Based on Habermas’ Public Sphere Theory

随着知识与科技的进步,版权制度逐渐完善,但公有领域不断缩小。版权制度调和了私人权益和公共利益;公有领域保护了公共利益,确保了社会公众的知识参与,有利于构建哈贝马斯理论意义上的公共领域。哈贝马斯的公共领域理论,有益于版权制度发挥良好作用。具体考察情况尤为复杂的电影版权领域,我国电影版权作品在创作和传播使用中的法律依据繁多,出现了大量同案不同判的状况。对比欧美发达国家、版权大国,我国相关法律法规仍需完善。如何平衡权利限制与公有领域保护,我国电影版权制度该如何完善,需要公共领域理论和内涵予以支撑。

With the development of knowledge and technology, the copyright system has gradually improved, but public domain has continued to shrink. Copyright system reconciles private interests and public interests;while public domain protects public interests and ensures the participation of the public in knowledge, facilitating the construction of the public sphere advocated by Habermas. Therefore, Habermas’s public sphere theory is conducive to the constructive role of the copyright system. However, due to the complexity in the film copyright field and the numerous legal basis for the creation and dissemination of the film copyright works in China, there are a large number of different judgments for the similar cases. Compared with those in Europe and the United States, our laws and regulations still need to be improved. As to how to balance the rights restriction and the protection of the public domain, and how to improve the film copyright system in China, it is necessary for us to seek support from the public sphere theory and its connotation.