重症非插管老年患者入院前后口腔健康行为对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Oral Health Behaviors in Severe Elderly Patients with Non-intubation before and after Admission

目的:调查重症非插管老年患者入院前后口腔健康行为,并分析其差异。方法:采取便利抽样法选取山西省6地市6家三级甲等综合医院神经内科、神经外科监护室外284名非插管老年患者为研究对象,采用WHO口腔健康流行病学调查方案进行问卷调查。结果:(1)入院前口腔卫生措施:刷牙、漱口每天≥2次分别为:71(26.5%)、54(19.0%),有使用木质牙签、塑料牙签、牙线习惯的分别为62(23.1%)、7(2.6%)、5(1.9%);(2)入院后口腔卫生措施:对应为:43(16.0%)、68(23.9%)、46(17.2%)、4(1.5%)、5(1.9%);(3)入院前后老年患者的刷牙、漱口液、木质牙签、塑料牙签、牙线使用频次比较差异均有统计学意义(χ~2=221.741、554.928、329.044、333.995、713.991,P<0.01)。结论:老年患者口腔健康行为差,且住院后并没有得到改善,相反除漱口以外的其他行为明显减弱;改善患者口腔健康行为并观察其是否会改善患者的临床结局将是必要的。

Objective: To investigate the oral health behaviors of severe elderly patients with non-intubation before and after admission. Methods: A total of 284 non-intubated elderly patients in neurology department and neurosurgical monitoring room of 6 third-grade general hospitals in 6 cities of Shanxi Province were selected by convenient sampling method. The WHO oral health epidemiological investigation program was used for questionnaire survey. Results:(1) Oral hygiene measures before admission: brushing and gargle were 71 (26.5%) and 54 (19.0%)≥ 2 times per day;the use of wooden toothpicks, plastic toothpicks, and dental floss were 62 (23.1%), 7(2.6%), and 5 (1.9%), respectively;(2) Oral hygiene measures after admission: 43 (16.0%), 68 (23.9%), 46 (17.2%), 4(1.5%), and 5 (1.9%) respectively;(3) The frequencys of brushing, mouthwash, wooden toothpicks, plastic toothpicks, and dental floss in elderly patients before and after admission were statistically significant ( P <0.01). Conclusion: The oral health behaviors of elderly patients are poor and are not improved after hospitalization. Conversely, behaviors other than sputum are significantly attenuated. It is necessary to improve the elderly patients’ oral health behavior and to see if they could improve the clinical outcomes.