中国智慧和中国方案:就业优先的阶段性内涵与生发机制

Chinese Wisdom and China's Plan: Connotations at Different Phases and Its Generating Mechanisms of Employment Priority Strategies

作为中国特色的经济社会战略名词,就业优先惟有明晰其阶段性和针对性才能充分彰显中国智慧和中国方案的魅力。结合低中高收入水平及其各自所处阶段的发展均衡陷阱,以反贫困、反对不平等、实现充分就业与体面就业等阶段性主要任务为媒介,可探究就业优先的阶段性内涵与生发机制。总体上就业优先的内涵变迁可拾级而上形成三个阶段,即努力实现市场化就业优先的低等水平就业,追求就业数量优先的中等水平就业,致力于就业质量优先的高等水平就业。就业优先由低到高的三个阶段性内涵依次对应收入水平的低等、中低等、中高等不同阶段,但并非绝对。进入中国特色社会主义新时代,更要坚持就业优先战略,并把握好就业质量优先这一新的阶段性内涵,进一步推动相关领域的深化改革。

Employment priority strategies are a new economic and social term with Chinese characteristics. In this paper, employment priority strategies are classified into different phases and stress is put on its corresponding pertinence we universally make use of. With the combination of the low-level, mid-level and high-level income phases and their corresponding development equilibrium traps, to cope with the main task at different phases such as anti-poverty, against inequality, and to achieve full employment and decent work as media, we have to figure out the connotations at different phases and the generating mechanisms of employment priority. The connotation of employment priority could be divided into three phases from low to high levels, such as market-driven employment priority, employment quantity priority, and employment quality priority. In different income phases, the employment priority phases could be matched with those of the low level, the mid-low level, and the mid-high level. But this matching is not absolute. In the new era, China needs to insist on implementing employment priority strategies, and to grasp the connotation change from quantity preference to quality preference, deepening the reform of related areas, so as to further promote the realization of high quality and full employment.