《水浒传》“千载第一酒赞”——“河阳风月”“醉里乾坤大,壶中日月长”考述

On The First Wine Praise in A Thousand Years in The Water Margin——Textual Research of “The Scenery of Heyang” and “The world seems larger when a man is drunken,the time seems longer when a man is drinking.”

《水浒传》蒋门神酒店有一酒旗写着"河阳风月"四字,有两把销金旗上写着"醉里乾坤大,壶中日月长"一联,被金圣叹誉为"千载第一酒赞"。"醉里乾坤大,壶中日月长"被认为是《水浒传》的经典名句。但"千载第一酒赞"并非《水浒传》原创,"河阳风月"四字曾真实地用于宋代酒旗上,"醉里乾坤大,壶中日月长"本为一诗句,典出晋代葛洪《神仙传》和南朝宋张华《后汉书》中壶公、费长房的故事,其形成经历了一个很长的时期,《水浒传》将其略做改动。"千载第一酒赞"真实展现了宋代酒俗和酒文化,反映出作者对于宋代风俗的谙熟。

In The Water Margin,there was a wine flag of Jiang Menshen’s wine shop with four large characters-The Scenery of Heyang on it and a pair of couplets-“The world seems larger when a man is drunken,the time seems longer when a man is drinking”were on both sides.They were called The First Wine Praise in A Thousand Years by Jin Shengtan,which were particularly well known and considered to be the classic sentences in The Water Margin.However,they were not the original provenance from The Water Margin.In fact,The Scenery of Heyang were really written on some wine shops in the Song Dynasty,while the couplets,as a part of a poem,originated from the stories of Hugong and Fei Changfang in Gehong’s Immortal Biography of Jin Dynasty and Zhanghua's Book of the Later Han Dynasty of Southern Song Dynasty,only The Water Margin changed it slightly.They truly showed the wine custom and culture of the Song Dynasty,reflecting the author’s familiarity with the customs of that time.