公园城市的公园形态类型与规划特征

Park Types and Planning Characters of Park City

从生命共同体的高度深层次地认识生态价值是公园城市思想与理论的基础,公园形态的空间结构是公园城市形态的骨架,公园形态承载着公园城市发展的社会理想。公园城市的公园形态类型分为区域公园系统、城市公园系统、公园综合体系统、生态廊道系统等。区域公园系统是公园城市生态安全格局的支撑系统。公园综合体系统是公园城市的各类功能组团,是自然系统与城市空间系统融合的综合地域类型,承载着城市的产业和文化功能,主要有三种类型:以公园为中心、多种产业集聚模式;自然系统与城市产业功能空间有机融合的公园化功能区,包括居住、商业、商务、工业、文化、教育、研发文创等公园综合体;以公园生态产品为基础的游憩休闲旅游综合体,包括休闲农业园、郊野公园、森林公园、假日公园等。生态廊道系统分为四类:绿道、绿廊、公园道、风景道。风景道是区域层面上以风景优美的大地景观为背景的道路系统,不同于以一定宽度为基础的绿道系统。

The basic concept of park city is understanding the ecological value from the perspective of the life community,and the pillar of it is spatial structure of the park.The park form carries the social ideal of the development of the park city.The park types of park cities are divided into regional park systems,urban park systems,park complex systems,and ecological corridor systems.The regional park system is the support of the park's urban ecological security pattern.The park complex system is a kind of functional groups of a park city.It is a comprehensive geographical type integrating natural system and urban space system.It carries the industrial and cultural functions of the city.There are three main types:a park-centered and multi-industry agglomeration mode;a park-based functional area that integrates natural systems with urban industrial functional space,including residential,business,commercial,industrial,cultural,educational,and creative park complexes;a recreation and tourism complex based on park ecological products,including leisure agriculture parks,country parks,forest parks,holiday parks,etc.Ecological corridor systems are divided into four categories:greenway,green corridor,park road,and scenic road.The scenic road is a regional system with a beautiful landscape,which is different from the greenway system with a certain width.