《诗经》祭祀主题中草木意象的现象学美学阐释

Phenomenological Aesthetic Interpretation of Vegetation Images about the Theme of the Book of Songs on Sacrificial Offerings

《诗经》中有以草木为媒介沟通人与神、人与世界的巫祭活动,从美学的角度看,这种触物起情的活动以及活动中的心理体验过程就是"兴"。这是一种身心投入的带有巫术色彩的情感状态,一种情感调动和创作生发的审美体验,一种具有美学方法论意义的审美活动。经由"兴发",人们回到宇宙生命本然的存在状态。经由现象学还原可以发现,《诗经》祭祀主题中名物的运用正是"触物起兴"进而对宇宙生命的观照,体现了个体生命与天地交感、天地人和合共生的审美意识,反映了先民崇尚"生生之为大德"的生命美学精神。

In the Book of Songs,vegetation is often used as the medium to communicate the sorcery of the gods,the human and the world.From the aesthetic point of view,the activity of perception and the psychological experience in the activity are“Xing”,which is believed to be an emotional state of physical and mental input with witchcraft,an aesthetic experience of emotional mobilization and creation,and a kind of aesthetic activity in the sense of aesthetic methodology.By means of“Xing”,people are supposed to return to the original state of life in the naturalness universe.The activity of perception and“Xing”for the contemplation of life in the universe reflects sympathetic harmony,aesthetic consciousness of the individual life and the universe,heaven and earth,and the advocating of“the great virtue of life and growth in nature”of the ancestors.