相对集中行政许可权的正当性判断标准研究

Research on the legitimacy review standard of relatively centralized administrative licensing power

行政许可权的横向配置存在多种集中模式,行政许可权应该相对集中到何种程度最为妥善,缺乏标准,莫衷一是。欲使相对集中行政许可权成为行政法上可被操作之制度或方向,势必应有更为明确且具体之内涵。现有研究成果表明,行政许可权相对集中的问题主要是行政权力横向配置的问题。因而在判断行政许可的权力配置模式是否具备正当性的问题上,宪法层面上的国家权力配置的原则与方式具有启发意义。应当通过最低限度标准、功能适当标准和边际约束标准等三个要件对相对集中的组织行为予以判断。同时满足三个标准,行政许可权的相对集中行为即具备了正当性。

There are multiple intensive modes for the horizontal disposition of administrative licensing power. There is no standard answer to such a question as "to what extent should administrative licensing power be relatively centralized," about which people often have totally different ideas. In order to make a kind of relatively centralized administrative licensing power become a practical system or orientation in administrative laws, we need to define some more specific and clear contents for such relatively centralized administrative licensing power. Some current research results have shown that the subject of comparatively centralized administrative licensing power is in essence an issue in the horizontal disposition of administrative power. Therefore, the rules and methods used in constitutional disposition of national power can provide useful enlightenment for the judgment whether a kind of dispositional mode of administrative licensing power is justifiable or not. Furthermore, judgment on any comparatively centralized organizational behavior should be made under the guidance of three major elements, namely, minimal standard, functional appropriateness standard, marginal restriction standard. Only when all the three standards are fulfilled at the same time, can the comparatively centralized organizational behavior of administrative licensing power be justified.