无争议事实记载机制的实践乱象与规范对策

The practical predicament and the countermeasure of the undisputed fact record mechanism

剖析相关案例及改革文本发现,无争议事实记载机制在试点运行中乱象丛生,集中表现为:无争议事实记载机制的程序操作有欠规范,无争议事实的法律性质模糊。产生前述乱象的要因是:无争议事实记载机制的理论基础薄弱,已经运行的无争议事实记载机制与相关制度难以调适,无争议事实记载机制缺乏相应的程序保障。据此,应以证据契约理论为理论基础,在规范层面明确无争议事实以拟制自认之性质,从客体范围、记录载体、出具主体及异议询问等环节规范具体运作程序,从而破除无争议事实记载机制的试行乱象。

By analyzing relevant cases and reform texts as guidance, we realize that the practice of the undisputed fact record mechanism is disordered in the pilot phase, whose confusion is mainly manifested in the unnormative operational procedure and vague legal nature of the undisputed fact. The main reasons for such chaos include its unsubstantial theoretical basis, the out-of-order convergence between its operation and other mechanisms, and the lack of procedural safeguards. In view of this, we should take the evidence contract as theoretical basis, clarify at the level of regulation the nature of the undisputed fact record as text's implied admission, and regulate specific operational procedure from the scope of the object, carrier, provider, time of application so as to eliminate the chaotic phenomenon.