美国萨凡纳河生态流量管理实践案例研究

Case study for E-flow management practices of the Savannah River in USA

河湖生态流量管理是加强生态文明建设、保障河湖健康的重要内容之一。欧美发达国家较早开展了生态流量研究和管理实践,本文从流域基本概况、保护目标确定、方案制定过程、推荐方案、监测与评价等多个方面,系统介绍了美国东南部受水库调节的萨凡纳河生态流量的研究与管理实践经验,结合我国实际情况,提出尽快完善生态流量保障相关法律规章制度,制定科学合理的生态流量保障方案,尽早开展生态流量适应性管理,持续开展监测积累数据资料等对策建议。

E-flow(Ecological flow or Environmental flow)management for rivers and lakes is an important content for ecological civilization construction and aquatic ecosystem health protection.Research and management practices of E-flow were conducted earlier in the developed countries.The experience of research and management practices on the Savannah River regulated by reservoirs in the southeast USA was introduced as case study from the following perspectives:watershed basic condition,protective goal establishment,the making processes of recommendation prescription and monitoring and assessment.Four pieces of suggestion on E-flow were proposed based on current situation in China:improve laws and regulations and strengthen top-level design on E-flow practices early,develop scientific and feasible E-flow plans,implement adaptive management of E-flow as soon as possible and conduct continuous monitoring and accumulate data.