柬埔寨制衣制鞋业的发展与罢工问题及影响

Development,Strikes and Influences of Garment and Footwear Industry in Cambodia

本文对柬埔寨对外开放以来制衣制鞋业的发展与罢工问题及影响进行综述。随着柬埔寨制衣制鞋业的发展,劳资矛盾日益突出,制衣制鞋业罢工呈现"常态化"趋势,经济性罢工与政治性罢工交织,情况较为复杂。作为制衣制鞋业工人维权的方式,罢工这一产业行为呈现出政治化特征,这主要源于柬埔寨一些政党利用《劳动法》的不完善来为本党派谋利而发生的纠纷及工会内斗。虽然柬埔寨针对罢工新颁发的《工会法》使罢工现象逐渐减少,但制衣制鞋业罢工的现象仍然时有发生。外国投资者进入柬埔寨制衣制鞋业需更加谨慎地考虑产业罢工造成的经济损失以及引起的相关管理问题。

This paper reviews the development of garment and footwear industry in Cambodia and the problems and influences of strikes since the opening up of Cambodia. With the development of garment and footwear industry in Cambodia,the contradiction between labor and capital has become increasingly prominent. The strikes in garment and footwear industry show a“normalized”trend. Economic strikes and political strikes are intertwined,and the situation is more complex. As a way of safeguarding the rights of workers in the garment and footwear industry, the strikes are characterized by politicization,stemming from disputes and trade union in fighting between some political parties in Cambodia who take advantage of the imperfection of the Labor Law to benefit their own parties. Although gradually reduced by Cambodia’s new Trade Union Act against strikes,strikes in the garment and footwear industry still occur from time to time. Foreign investors entering the garment and footwear industry in Cambodia need to be more cautious about the economic losses caused by the industrial strikes and the related management problems.