模拟酸雨对福州平原稻田土壤细菌丰度及多样性的影响

Effect of simulated acid rain on paddy soil bacterial abundance and diversity in Fuzhou Plain

为了探讨酸雨对稻田土壤细菌的影响,以福州平原某稻田为研究对象,测定和分析模拟不同酸度酸雨处理下早、晚稻土壤细菌群落组成及其丰度.结果表明:模拟酸雨处理提高了早稻土壤细菌的多样性,但却降低了晚稻土壤细菌的多样性;酸雨改变了稻田土壤细菌的丰度及群落结构,经模拟不同酸度的酸雨处理,稻田土壤细菌的优势菌属及其丰度并不一致;早稻pH3.5处理组与早稻对照组之间的物种多样性及群落结构差异最大,晚稻pH2.5处理组与晚稻对照组之间的物种多样性及群落结构差异最大;在酸雨作用下,溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)和产黄杆菌属(Rhodanobacter)的丰度明显升高,而马赛菌属(Massilia)的丰度则显著降低,说明溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)和产黄杆菌属(Rhodanobacter)为耐受酸雨的主要菌属,马赛菌属(Massilia)则为受酸雨影响最大的菌属;细菌属H16的相对丰度与土壤电导率(EC)呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),Lysobacter的相对丰度与土壤pH值呈极显著负相关(P<0.01),Arenimonas的相对丰度与土壤总有机碳(SOC)呈极显著正相关(P<0.01).

In order to clarify the effect of acid rain on paddy soil bacteria, taken the paddy field in Fuzhou Plain as the study object, the composition and abundance of bacterial communities in early and late paddy soils under different acid rain treatments were determined and analyzed. The results showed that early paddy soil bacterial diversity was increased, however, late paddy soil bacterial diversity was decreased in the simulated acid rain treatment. Soil bacterial abundance and community structure was changed in the acid rain treatment, moreover,the dominant genus and its abundance of bacteria was not consistentin different treatments. The species diversity and community structure was significantly different between pH3.5 treatment and the controlin the early paddy, however, the species diversity and community structure was significantly different between the pH2.5 treatment and the control in the late paddy. The abundances of Lysobacter and Rhodonobacterwas significantly increased, while the abundance of Massiliawas significantly decreased in the acid rain treatments, which was indicated that Lysobacter and Rhodanobacter were the most important genus to tolerant the acid rain, moreover, Massilia was the most affected genus by acid rain. The relative abundance of bacterial genera H16 was significantly and negatively correlated with soil EC (P<0.01), and the relative abundance of Lysobacter was significantly and negatively correlated with soil pH (P<0.01), however, the relative abundance of Arenimonas was significantly and positively correlated with SOC (P<0.01).