川西林盘文化景观基因识别与提取

Identification and Extraction of the Linpan Culture Landscape Gene

文化景观是文化地理特征的集中体现,川西林盘文化景观基因识别与提取的研究是对林盘本质的认知和解读。根据文化景观的关键特征,基于文献与实地考察,综合运用问卷与半结构式访谈等方式进行调查,借助SPSS软件进行数据统计和处理,客观地明晰了林盘文化景观的结构组成;并在此基础上引入"景观基因"理论,以川西林盘的文化景观为研究对象,从遗传信息的表达,以及基因所属位列、功能性和重要度2个层面进行了相应的分类,进一步阐释了识别与提取的方法与流程。同时,在土地利用数据、卫星影像及地理信息数据电子地图等资料的辅助下,以新津、温江、崇州林盘群系与鱼子孔、龚林盘和胥家院子聚落单元为例,进行了文化景观基因的识别,归纳梳理出其共性基因、个性基因,并提取出民居、渠系、林地等主体基因,菜地、井等胞质基因、石笼、平桥等附着基因和治水工程、移民文化等调节基因。

Landscape culture is the concentrated embodiment of cultural and geographical characteristics,and the study of cultural landscape gene’s identification and the extraction of the Linpan in western Sichuan is the cognition and interpretation of the essence of Linpan. According to the key features of the cultural landscape,such as regionality,inheritance,and time,through literature review and field investigations,we can obtain the landscape imagery and landscape elements related to Linpan,and comprehensively use questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to reflect regionality. The landscape that can leave a deep memory or impression on people is investigated and analyzed,and SPSS software is used for data statistics and processing to clarify the structural composition of the Linpan culture landscape objectively. Accordingly,the “landscape gene” theory which means the basic unit of Linpan culture landscape.in this paper was introduced,and the Linpan cultural landscape was taken as the research object. We classified the expression of genetic information and the rank, function,and importance of genes. We still explain the process flow of identification and extraction. Simultaneously,with the help of land use data,satellite imagery,and electronic maps of geographic information data,the identification of cultural landscape genes was conducted by taking the Xinjin,Wenjiang,and Chongzhou Linpan group and the Yuzikong,Gonglinpan,and Yujiayuanzi settlement units as examples. We identified their cultural landscape genes and summarized the common genes and individual genes. Furthermore,we extracted 1) genes that occupy the main position among Linpan,playing a major role in their overall layout,and included forest land,dwellings,canals and so on;2) minor genes that affect the expression of some traits or play an important role in the formation of local landscape effects,including vegetable plots,wells,and bamboo utensils;3) attached genes that enhance the information expression of main genes and minor genes,including gates,stone cages,and flat bridges;and 4) regulatory genes that inhibit or promote the expression of other genes,including water control engineering,immigration culture,and Taoist philosophy.