永磁被动补偿脉冲发电机设计与仿真

Design and simulation of a permanent magnet passive compulsator

采用永磁励磁、两极两相、被动补偿结构,设计了一台小型补偿脉冲发电机。使用有限元软件对电机进行空负载电磁特性分析;永磁体采用厚度为12 mm的钕铁硼材料,空载时气隙最大磁感应强度为0.443 T。在60 000 r/min的设计转速下,单相开路电压峰值为195.4 V,铁心损耗功率为599 W。对电阻值1 m?,电感值1μH的小阻抗负载分别进行了单相放电、两相并联放电及两相串联放电仿真,单相放电电流峰值为10.90 kA,脉宽0.78 ms;两相并联放电电流峰值14.64 kA,脉宽1.1 ms;串联放电电压峰值增至333.7 V,电流峰值为8.59 kA。电机储能大于4 MJ,脉冲功率大于2 MW,且结构紧凑,具有较高的能量密度和功率密度。

A two-pole two-phase passive compulsator is designed,whose magnetic field is built by permanent magnet.The compulsator’s no-load and discharge magnetic characteristics are analyzed by using finite element software.The Nd-Fe-B material is adopted as the permanent magnet,in thickness of 12 mm.The maximum magnetic flux density in the air gap is 0.443 T at the no-load state.At the designed rotor speed of 60 000 r/min,the single-phase open circuit peak voltage and the core loss power are 195.4 V and 599 W respectively.The single-phase discharge,two-phase parallel discharge and two-phase series discharge processes are simulated separately,to a small impedance load at 1 mΩ,1μH.The peak value of single-phase discharge current is 10.90 kA,and the pulse width is 0.78 ms.For two-phase parallel discharge,the peak current value and pulse width are 14.64 kA and 1.1 ms respectively.For two-phase series discharge,the peak voltage rises to 333.7 V,while the peak current drops to 8.95 kA.The compulsator’s energy storage is greater than 4 MJ,whose pulse power is greater than 2 MW.The alternator has compact structure,high energy and power density.