美国先进制造政策分析及对我国的启示

Analysis of American advanced manufacturing policy and its enlightenment to China

继2014年出台《振兴美国制造业和创新法案》(Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014,RAMI)之后,美国围绕美国制造计划(Manufacturing USA)构建制造业创新网络,持续强化美国的前沿技术创新能力和先进制造能力。近年来,美国对先进制造的支持路径愈发清晰,以支持国内制造企业为主体,加速推进创新中心建设,在提质增效和标准引领上效果显著。相对我国制造业创新中心的推进政策,美国对中小企业融入更重视,项目实施机制更完善,政策评估体系更精准,教育培训地位更优先。我国可在结合自身实际的同时借鉴美国经验,坚持支持本国制造业发展的政策定位,以制造业创新中心项目带动辐射,强化中小企业创新和制造业新型劳动力培育。

Since the Revitalize American Manufacturing and Innovation Act of 2014 has been passed,the United States government is building the NNMI under the plan of Manufacturing USA to strengthen its technology innovation and advanced manufacturing industry.Recent years,the path to support the advanced manufacturing industry is becoming clearer.That is to support domestic manufacturing enterprises as the main body,accelerate the construction of innovation centers,and achieve remarkable results in improving quality and efficiency and standard guidance.Compared with the promotion policy of China’s manufacturing innovation center,the United States attaches more importance to the integration of SMEs,owns more perfect project implementation mechanism,builds more precise policy evaluation system,and gives priority to the status of education and training.China can learn from the experience of the United States in combination with its own reality.China can adhere to the policy orientation of supporting the development of the domestic manufacturing industry,develop manufacturing innovation center project to strengthen the innovation of SMEs and the cultivation of new labor force.