论1949年后的中国话语态势问题

On the Development of Chinese Discourse since 1949

在现时代,构建中国话语的本质是在中西方关系中恢复并强化中国文化主体意识。新中国建立,中国与世界、与西方的关系进入重新整理和重新构建的过程,大致可以划分为如下四个阶段:第一阶段:苏化形式下的特殊西化(1949—1963),中国话语呈低位运行;第二阶段:封闭半封闭式状态(1963—1978),中国话语呈高位运行;第三阶段:全面开放时期(1978—2012),中国话语呈双层运行,现象上显示为低位运行;第四阶段:重返世界舞台中心的新时代(2012年以来),中国话语呈高位运行。中国话语问题具有复杂性:中国话语本身并不是简单的价值判断,不能认为中国话语是一个越多越好或者越纯越好的问题。中国话语的构建,必须继续睁开眼睛看世界。

In modern times, the purpose of constructing Chinese discourse is to restore and strengthen the consciousness of Chinese cultural identity in the interaction between China and the West. After the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, China’s relations with other countries and in particular with Western countries entered a process of reorganization and reconstruction, which can be roughly divided into four stages:( 1 ) the period of special Westernization in the form of modeling itself on Soviet Union ( 1949-1963 ), featuring a low-level operation of Chinese discourse;( 2 ) the closed and semi-closed state ( 1963-1978 ), featuring a high-level operation of Chinese discourse;( 3 ) the complete operation of Chinese discourse during the period of reform and opening-up (1978-2012), in which Chinese discourse operated at two levels despite showing a low-key profile;( 4 ) the new era of returning to the center of the world stage ( since 2012 ), in which Chinese discourse operates at a high level. The issue of Chinese discourse is so complex in that any simple value judgement will miss the point: in particular, it is not a matter of“ the more and purer, the better”. In order to construct a Chinese discourse, we should continue to open our eyes to the outside world and recognize what else needs to be reformed and improved in Chinese traditional culture. The Chinese discourse under construction is not the revival of the Chinese discourse in history, but the creative and innovative transformation of both the traditional Chinese discourse and Western discourse.