寒冷地区三甲医院建筑能耗评价指标研究

Study on energy consumption evaluation indicators for Grade-A tertiary hospitals

医院能耗评价指标对医院的能耗分析、节能评价具有重要意义,但因医院功能的复杂性、统计标准的不一致等导致目前评价指标存在一定的局限性.以北京、天津、山东等寒冷地区32家三甲医院为样本,对能耗指标及相关参数使用SPSS软件进行相关性分析,检验分析现有指标与参数之间的关系,并发现新的能耗敏感因素.最后将评价指标体系根据不同的适用性分为三种:分区域能耗分析法、医疗量能耗分析法、经济指标分析法.运用不同的分析法能更精确的分析医院各区域的能耗,更明确能耗影响因素,对医院节能改造、节能设计及能耗预测有重要意义.研究结果表明:(1)医院参数与能耗指标的相关性结果显示:医院的能耗与建筑面积、开放床位数、门急诊人次相关性较大.其中,以面积为单位的能耗指标与面积的相关性是较为单一的指标;床位数的相关性并没有预期大,说明此指标具有一定的不确定性.以门急诊量、住院人次等以人流量的参数对单位门急诊量能耗具有较大影响.(2)医院建筑能耗评价指标体系验证结果显示经济指标分析法能较好的预测和评价医院能耗,该方法比较合理.本文能够为医院新建及改建设计时的能耗预测参数提供参考.

The evaluation indicators of hospital energy consumption are of great significance to the analysis of hospital energy consumption and evaluation of energy conservation.But because of the complexity of hospital function and the inconsistency of statistical standard,the evaluation indicators have some limitation.In this paper,32 Grade-A tertiary hospitals in typical cold areas were studied.The correlation analysis of energy consumption indicators and related parameters was carried out by SPSS software to examine and analyze the relationship between existing indicators and parameters to find new energy consumption sensitivity factors.Finally,the evaluation indicators system is divided into three categories according to different applicability:sub-regional energy consumption analysis,medical energy consumption analysis and economic indicator analysis.Different analysis methods are used to analyze the energy consumption in different areas of hospital,to compare the energy consumption in different hospitals,and to evaluate the energy saving and project the energy consumption.The results showed that:(1)The correlation between hospital parameters and energy consumption indicators shows that the hospital s energy consumption is highly correlated with the building area,the number of open beds,and the number of emergency departments.Among them,the correlation between energy consumption index and area is a relatively single indicator;and the correlation of bed number is not expected to be large,indicating that this indicator has certain uncertainty.The parameters of human emergency flow,hospitalization,etc.have an impact on the energy consumption per unit of emergency,but the correlation is not expected to be large.(2)The verification result of hospital building energy consumption evaluation index system shows that the error of economic indicator analysis method is small,and the method is reasonable.The conclusions of this paper can provide reference for the energy consumption prediction parameters of hospital construction and expansion planning and design.