1259例自发性气胸发病的时间节律性研究

Time rhythm of spontaneous pneumothorax onset in 1259 cases

目的探讨自发性气胸(Spontaneous Pneumothorax,SP)发病的时间分布特点。方法采用回顾性横断面研究方法。收集2009年1月至2017年12月间安徽医科大学第二附属医院收治的的1259例自发性气胸患者的临床资料,将纳入的患者分别按照性别(男、女)、年龄(少年组:7-17岁;青年组:18-40岁;中老年组:≥41岁)进行划分,通过统计学方法分析自发性气胸的时间分布规律(月份及季节分布规律)。结果 SP的整体发病具有明显的月份节律性(Z=3.35,P<0.05),发病最多的是9月份(137例),最少的是2月份(66例),发病高峰日为8月20日。其中,男性发病也具有显著的月份节律性(Z=5.66,P<0.01),发病最多的是9月份(128例);女性发病未发现显著的月份节律性(Z=2.94,P>0.05)。少年组和中老年组发病均具有月份节律性(少年组:Z=7.19,P<0.001;中老年组:Z=3.33,P<0.05),而青年组未发现显著月份节律性。在季节分布方面,四季间发病人数具有差异性(F=7.480,P=0.001),男性发病人数显著高于女性,平均住院时间以及住院费用秋季最低(P均<0.05)。结论自发性气胸好发于男性,秋季发病率升高,男性组、少年组和中老年组发病具有季节节律性。

Objective To investigate the temporal distribution of spontaneous pneumothorax(SP).Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinical data of 1259 cases with SP admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 2009 to December 2017 were enrolled.The patients were divided into different groups according to sex(male and female),and age(the junior group:7-17 years old;the youth group:18-40 years old;the elderly group:≥41 years old).And then the temporal distribution of SP was analyzed(monthly and seasonal distribution rule).Results The incidence of SP had significant variability of months(Z=3.35,P<0.05).The highest incidence was in September(137 cases),the least one was in February(66 cases)and the peak date was in August 20.Thereinto,the morbidity of the male also had significant variability of months(Z=5.66,P<0.01),and the highest incidence was in September(128 cases).There was no significant variability of months in women(Z=2.94,P>0.05).The incidence of the junior group and the elderly group both had the variability of months(the junior group:Z=7.19,P<0.001;the elderly group:Z=3.33,P<0.05),but there was no no significant variability of months in the youth group.Besides,there were significant differences in SP attack in the four seasons(F=7.480,P=0.001),and the incidence of males was significantly higher than that of females.In autumn,the average duration of hospital stay and the cost of hospitalization was the lowest.(all P<0.05).Conclusion SP has a predilection to occur in male,with a rising incidence in autumn.The significant variability of months is found in the male group,the junior group and the elderly group.