香港地区精神科中途宿舍服务及其对内地的启示

Psychiatric Halfway House in Hong Kong and its Implication to China

精神科中途宿舍是为精神病康复者提供的过渡性住宿服务,能帮助其通过住宿服务里的社区生活训练恢复正常生活,从而成功融入社会,是实现社区精神康复的一种新形式服务供给。文章介绍了香港地区精神科中途宿舍的发展历程及服务现状,指出其在政策、组织、理念等方面的经验优势,以及在离舍情况、专业人力、职业康复训练等方面面临的现实挑战。最后,基于香港精神科中途宿舍服务经验反思基础之上,从政策保障、组织培育、队伍建设、具体服务等方面对内地精神科中途宿舍发展提出了相关建议。

The psychiatric halfway house is a transitional residential service for people with mental illness. It can help them to restore a normal life through community living skills training in the house, and thereafter successfully achieve community integration. It is an important social service component for the realization of community mental rehabilitation. This article introduced the developmental history and current situation of the psychiatric halfway house service in Hong Kong, and pointed out its strengths in terms of policy, organization, and service rationale. It also pointed out the practical challenges faced in the areas of discharge rate, professional manpower arrangement, and vocational rehabilitation training. Finally, based on the analysis of the experience of psychiatric half-way houses in Hong Kong, suggestions were made on the development of protective policy, organizational training, team building, and concrete services content for the development of the halfway house service in China.