从罗蒂处拯救海德格尔

On Saving Heidegger from R orty

理查德·罗蒂是海德格尔哲学在英美世界的积极传播者。在罗蒂和海德格尔之间共享着很多重要的哲学观点和基本立场:反笛卡尔主义、反基础主义、反本质主义等。然而即便如此,两人之间仍存在着某些深刻的区别和差异。就历史观而言,海德格尔坚持着“基础历史主义”的立场,而罗蒂则将历史视为一系列因核心隐喻的偶然转变而生成的片段和断代。在语言观和真理观上,海德格尔对日常话语持怀疑态度,并将真理视为本真存在样态对日常沉沦的胜利,罗蒂则将真理视为日常语言游戏中的“得到担保的可断言性”。海德格尔将人类生存镌刻进一个更大的关联语境之中,而罗蒂则将人类生存完全交给了人类的自我创造。最后,两人关于哲学终结的观念也表现出巨大的差异。

Richard Rorty is an active advocate for Heidegger in the Anglo-American world.There are many common grounds between Rorty and Heidegger,such as anti-Caresianism,anti-foundationalism and anti-essentialism.However,there are still some differences between Heidegger and Rorty.As for the view of history,Heidegger takes on the point of Foundational Historicism.On Rorty s view,history appears as a series of ruptures and revolutions,resulting from accidental shifts in central metaphors with no coherence.Heidegger looks down upon ordinary conversations and seems truth as authentic existence without ordinary conversations,however,Rorty takes truth as what is warranted assertible by us.Heidegger inscribes our existence into a wider context,Rorty hands it totally to ourselves.Finally,there are still some differences concealed in the view of the end of philosophy.