美国《统一商法典》的人本体现:语言与法理视角

Humanism in the Uniform Commercial Code:From Linguistic and Legal Perspectives

通过法典话语分析和法理解读,可以发现《统一商法典》用确定性的原则、灵活性的话语,明确了商人的定义以及各种交易术语的意义,规范了商事主体在商事交易活动中的行为,界定了交易当事人的权利义务。作为社会制度重要构成的《统一商法典》还通过契约自由和意思自治等原则以及模糊概念的灵活适用技巧,推进公平交易,体现人本思想,使复杂的商品交易简捷化,财富价值最大化,并促进人的全面自由的发展。另外,《统一商法典》的法律语言其实还充当着社会资源和权利义务分配的工具,因为语言的使用可以实现某种社会功能和人际功能。

Through the interpretation of law and legal discourse analysis, it is found that the Uniform Commercial Code regulates commercial subjects behavior in the commercial trade activities by means of defining deterministic principle and the flexibility of legal discourse, and by clarifying the various transaction terms,as well as the definition of trading rights and obligations of the parties.As a social system, the Uniform Commercial Code respects and promotes humanism, facilitates the commodity trade and maximizes the value of wealth in trading so as to promote the full and free development of human by valuing the freedom of contract and autonomy and by the employing fuzzy language with a flexible and practical skills.Legal language, in fact, acts as a tool to divide social resources and rights and obligations, and the use of legal language can achieve a certain social function and interpersonal function.