关中方言论元配置模式中的状语和谐与把字句显赫

Adverbial Harmony and Ba-construction Prominence in Shaanxi Guanzhong Dialect

关中方言中,VO和"把OV"在事件性、定指性、(非)完整体特征等方面形成对立互补格局。首先,当谓语动词为完整体、第二论元为指量名形式时,不允许VO出现;其次,大多数VO结构若增加一些表方式、目标、受益、方位等题元角色的状语性成分(如介词短语、副词、形容词等)或方式状语,则可以或必须采用"把OV"。本文将这种有助于"把OV"出现的策略称为状语和谐。有些添加的状语甚至缺少语义价值,本文称其为"傀儡状语"。关中方言青睐状语和谐,所排斥的除"宾补同后"外,更有"状前宾后"这种跨骑格局。从分枝方向理论、库藏类型学等角度看,关中方言的论元配置策略具有跨语言共性和处理优势,但其把字句更显赫,变异范围更大。关中方言是一种典型的状语显赫型方言。

In Shaanxi Guanzhong dialects VO and ‘ ba -OV’ are mutually complementary in terms of event situation,definiteness,and telicity.VO order is not permitted to occur when the verb is in perfective aspect and the object is in the demonstrative-classifier-noun form.Most of the VO structures can be transformed into ‘ ba -OV’ with certain preverbal adverbials supplied such as some prepositional phrases (PPs),adverbs,and adjectives encoding manner,goal,beneficiary,and location,etc.This strategy can be regarded as adverbial harmony in that these added PPs or adverbs stand in parallel with,and thus to facilitate the occurrence of,‘ ba -O’,a preverbal adverbial per se.Some of these adverbials are even semantically null and thus termed as ‘expletive adverbials’.With regard to these and other features,Guanzhong dialect can be typologized as an adverbial-prominent dialect.