辽朝皇帝尊号中频繁使用天字的政治内涵分析

Analysis of the Political Connotation of the Heaven (天) Used Frequently in Liao Emperors' Titles

辽朝皇帝的尊号中频繁使用"天"字,从构词方式来看,有动词加"天"构成的和"天"加动词构成的词素,反映了"天人感应"和契丹人信仰萨满教崇拜最高神祇———天神。其中,在皇帝尊号中使用"天"加动词构成的词素最多,年号中也有这类词素,而在皇后和太后尊号中均为动词加"天"构成的词素。辽朝皇帝尊号中使用由"天"字构成的词素,因各自所处的时代背景不同,故所体现的具体政治内涵也不同。这种在尊号中频繁使用"天"字的政治内涵就是"神道设教",表明君权神授,统治获得了天神的护佑、辅佐,为皇位披上一层神圣的合法外衣。

The word heaven was frequently used in the titles of Liao emperors. Adding “Heaven” to a verb, reflected “Interactions Between Heaven and Mankind” and the Khitans' believing in the supreme deity of Shamanism. This kind of title are mostly used, and there are also such composition in the emperors' reign titles, and in empress and queen's honorary titles. Difference emperors using the titles composed of the word “heaven”, embodied difference political connotations because of different times. On the whole, The political connotation of the word “heaven” indicated that their authority were from God, their rule was blessed and assisted by the God of heaven and their throne was covered with a sacred layer of legitimacy.