纤维支气管镜肺活检的病理诊断结果的分析

Analysis of Pathological Diagnosis Results of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy Lung Biopsy

目的分纤维支气管镜肺活检的病理诊断结果,为肺部疾病临床诊治提供依据参考。方法以2016年1月—2018年8月该院118例肺部疾病患者为研究对象,全部患者均以纤维支气管镜肺活检进行检查,回顾性分析患者临床及病理资料。结果纤维支气管镜肺活检确诊良性病变81例(68.67%),主要病理诊断为支气管粘膜慢性炎、炎性血块组织、粘膜上皮增生等;确诊或疑似恶性病变37例(31.36%),主要病理诊断为鳞状细胞癌、腺癌、鳞状上皮异型增生、纤维组织异型细胞、挤压变性及深染异型细胞,后经免疫组化确诊恶性肿瘤34例,包括腺癌11例、鳞状细胞癌9例、小细胞癌11例、腺样囊性癌2例、神经内分泌癌1例。结论纤维支气管镜肺活检是诊断鉴别肺部良恶性疾病的有效手段,能为肺部疾病临床诊治提供有价值的病理组织学参考,值得临床推广使用。

Objective The pathological diagnosis of lung biopsy with fiberoptic bronchoscopy provides a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary diseases. Methods From January 2016 to August 2018, 118 patients with pulmonary diseases in our hospital were enrolled. All patients underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy for lung biopsy. The clinical and pathological data were retrospectively analyzed. Results 81 cases(68.67%) were diagnosed as benign lesions by fiberoptic bronchoscopy. The main pathological diagnosis was chronic inflammation of bronchial mucosa, inflammatory clot tissue, mucosal epithelial hyperplasia, etc. 37 cases(31.36%) with confirmed or suspected malignant lesions, the main pathological diagnosis were squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma, squamous epithelial dysplasia,fibrous tissue-shaped cells, crushed degeneration and deep-stained atypical cells. 34 cases of malignant tumors were confirmed by immunohistochemistry, including 11 cases of adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma of 9 cases, 11 cases of small cell carcinoma, 2 cases of adenoid cystic carcinoma, and 1 case of neuroendocrine carcinoma. Conclusion Fiberoptic bronchoscopy lung biopsy is an effective method for the diagnosis and differentiation of benign and malignant lung diseases. It can provide a valuable pathological and histological reference for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases. It is worthy of clinical promotion.