“一带一路”倡议下华侨华人海外投资权益的法律保障问题研究

Research on the Legal Protection of Overseas Chinese Investment Rights and Interests Under the "Belt and Road" Initiative

华侨华人是"一带一路"倡议的主要参与者、推广者和践行者,发挥着重要的桥梁和纽带作用,现已成为推动"一带一路"建设的关键力量。然而"一带一路"沿线区域地缘政治风险复杂多变,华侨华人海外投资权益保护问题日益突出,需要采取一定措施及时予以协调解决。当前,保护华侨华人海外投资权益的国内立法工作较为滞后,集中体现在国家层面立法缺失以及海外投资法律法规的主体适用范围较为有限,华侨华人投资权益无法享有与国内公民和法人一样的法律保护,并且在我国参加的双边投资条约和区域性自由贸易协议中未能普遍采取较为宽松的"合格投资者"认定标准,在很多情况下华侨华人海外投资活动尚无法适用现有国际投资协议中的保护规则。为此,将来可从国内与国际两个层面探索推进华侨华人海外投资权益法律保障制度的构建与完善,具体包括制定出台国家层面的《华侨华人权益保障法》、调整我国海外投资法律法规的主体适用范围、与其他缔约国协商修订投资协议中的"合格投资者"条款,并在国内逐步建立起多元化国际投资争议解决机制,从而以更好的法律方式为华侨华人在"一带一路"中的海外投资活动保驾护航。

Overseas Chinese are the main participants,promoters and practitioners of the“Belt and Road”Initiative,playing an important“bridge and link”role,and a key force role as well.But the geopolitical risks are complex and changeable,the protection problems of overseas Chinese investment rights and interests are becoming increasingly prominent,which needs to take certain measures to coordinate and resolve in time.At present,the domestic legislation of protecting overseas Chinese investment rights and interests lags behind,which reflects in the lack of national legislation and subject's application scope of overseas investment laws and regulations.Overseas Chinese investment rights and interests cannot share the same legal protection as domestic citizens and juridical person.Moreover,according toChina’s attendance in the bilateral investment treaties and regional freet rade agreements,it was not able to commonly adopt a more relaxed criterion for identifying qualified investors,and the protection rules in existing international investment agreements cannot be applied to overseas Chinese investment activities in many cases.Therefore,we can explore the construction and improvement of the legal protection system for overseas Chinese investment rights and interests from both domestic and international levels in the future.Specifically,it includes the enactment of the law on the protection of overseas Chinese rights and interests at the national level,the adjustment of subject's application scope of domestic overseas investment laws and regulations,and the revision of the"qualified investors"clause in investment agreements through consultation with other contracting parties,and then gradually establish a diversified international investment dispute resolution mechanism in China,so as to better protect overseas Chinese investment activities in the“Belt and Road”Initiative through the legal way.