巴州地区儿童呼吸道病原体感染情况分析

Analysis for the infection situation of respiratory tract infection in children in Bazhou

目的研究巴州地区儿童呼吸道感染九种病原体感染现状、流行特征及分布情况。方法呼吸道感染患儿的血清标本1 673份,采用间接免疫荧光法检测九种呼吸道病原体,了解其分布情况。结果 1 693例呼吸道感染患儿中,九种病原体IgM抗体总阳性率为23.61%,最高为肺炎支原体14.15%,其次为副流感病毒8.24%,混合感染阳性率为2.86%。1～3岁患儿总体阳性检出率最高为39.71%,4～6岁患儿肺炎支原体的阳性检出率最高为22.45%,各年龄组肺炎支原体感染比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。九种病原体阳性检出率最高的为冬季(12月、1月、2月),达44.30%,冬季就诊患儿肺炎支原体阳性检出率与其他季节比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。患儿临床诊断支气管肺炎、急性支气管炎为主,阳性检出率分别为30.07%、14.19%。结论巴州地区儿童呼吸道病原体感染主要为肺炎支原体、副流感病毒,其发病与年龄、季节有关。

Objective To investigate the infection current situation,epidemiological characteristics and distribution of 9 kinds of respiratory pathogens in Children with respiratory tract infection in Bazhou area.Methods A total of 1693 children patients with respiratory tract infection who were treated in our hospital from October 2016 to September 2017 were enrolled in the study.The 9 kinds of pathogens related with respiratory tract infection were detected by using indirect immunofluorescence to understand their distribution status.Results Among the 1693 children patients with respiratory tract infection,the total positive rate of IgM antibody of 9 kinds of respiratory pathogens was 23.61%,in which,the infection rate of mycoplasma pneumonia(MP)was the highest(14.15%),next parainfluenza virus(8.24%),and the mixed infection of two or more than two pathogens accounted for 2.86%.The total positive rate of 9 kinds of respiratory pathogens in 1~3 years group was 39.71%,and the positive detctive rate of mycoplasma pneumonia(MP)was the highest in 4~6 years group(22.45%),there was significant difference in the positive detctive rate of MP among different age groups(P<0.05).The positive detctive rate of 9 kinds of respiratory pathogens was the highest in the winter(44.3%),there was significant difference between winter and the other seasons(P<0.05).Moreover the positive detctive rate of patients with bronchopneumonia and acute bronchitis was 30.07%,14.19%,respectively.Conclusion The main pathogen of children with respiratory infection is MP in Bazhou area,next parainfluenza virus,the pathogenesis of respiratory tract infection is correlated with patient’s age and season.