9个新育甜玉米自交系遗传聚类和主要农艺性状配合力分析

Combining Ability on Main Agronomic Traits and Genetic Clustering of Nine New Breeds of Sweet Corns

【目的】利用遗传聚类和配合力分析来了解新育成9个甜玉米自交系的遗传背景和配合力,为组配新品种提供科学依据。【方法】以TS01-1、BS02-1、GS132、AS67、SS1等5个白粒自交系为母本,闽甜系688、闽甜系G73、闽甜系197、X90-34等4个高配合力黄粒自交系为父本,按5×4不完全双列杂交设计组配20个杂交组合,并对其株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、百粒重、出籽率、带苞叶穗重和去苞叶穗重等10个性状的配合力进行研究。【结果】从去苞叶穗重的一般配合力值得出,供试甜玉米自交系的配合力大小顺序,白粒自交系为AS67>GS132>TS01-1>BS02-1>SS1,黄粒自交系为闽甜系688>X90-34>闽甜系G73>闽甜系197。从特殊配合力值得出,杂交组合AS67×闽甜系688的特殊配合力值最大,实际测产产量也最高。从分子水平对9个亲本的亲缘关系进行聚类分析,将9个亲本分成黄粒和白粒两个群。【结论】黄、白粒自交系间杂交具有一定的杂种优势;聚类分析结果与试验设计的父母本划分一致。

【Objective】Genetic backgrounds and combining abilities of 9 newly bred sweet corn inbred lines were studied.【Method】The inbred lines included 5 white sweet corn female parents P1(i.e.,TS01-1,BS02-1,GS132,AS67 and SS1)and 4 sweet corn male parents P2(i.e.,Mintianxi 688,Mintianxi G73,Mintianxi 197 and X90-34).They were cross-bred into 20 two-tone crosses by a 5×4 incomplete diallel design.The combining ability on 10 traits including plant height,ear location,panicle length,ear girth,ear row count,grains per row,hundred-grain weight,kernel ratio,panicle weight with and without husk,of each hybrid was determined.【Result】Based on the de-husk panicle weight,the general combining abilities of the white sweet corn inbred lines were in the order of AS67>GS132>TS01-1>BS02-1>SS1,and those of the yellow sweet corns Mintianxi 688>X90-34>Mintianxi G73>Mintianxi 197.AS67×Mintianxi 688 exhibited the highest specific combining ability with the greatest actual yield among all.The genetic cluster analysis classified the 9 parents into yellow-and white-kernel groups.【Conclusion】The yellow-kernel and white-kernel sweet corn inbred lines crossed between the 9 parents showed superior heterosis,and the classifications were consistent between the parents and the experimental design.