变刚度转臂定位节点对地铁车辆车轮磨耗的影响

Influence of changing the rigid arm positioning node on the wheel wear of metro vehicles

随着地铁运营里程和载客量的增大,地铁车辆车轮磨耗问题加重。由于Poynting-Thomson模型具有良好的频变特性,能够改善车辆曲线通过性能,将其用于地铁车辆的变刚度转臂节点定位节点仿真。对比分析了定刚度模型与变刚度模型的曲线通过性能,并采用ZOBORY磨耗模型计算了通过曲线时的车轮磨耗深度。计算结果表明:变刚度模型有效地减小了车轮通过曲线时的磨耗功、轮对冲角和蠕滑力,直线工况下变刚度模型车轮1位右轮磨耗深度减小46%;曲线工况下变刚度模型大幅降低了车轮磨耗,同时当曲线半径越小时,车轮变刚度模型降低磨耗效果越佳;当两种模型磨耗5万km时,变刚度模型磨耗深度比定刚度模型小42.2%;计算了定刚度模型不同参数对车轮磨耗的影响,串联刚度对磨耗的影响最大,并联刚度和并联阻尼系数对车轮磨耗影响较小,但参数选取时还应结合动力学影响。

With the increase of mileage and carrying capacity of metro, the wheel wear problem of metro vehicle is aggravated. As the Poynting-Thomson model has good frequency variation characteristic, it can improve the performance of vehicle curve running and be applied to the simulation analysis of the positioning device of the arm of metro vehicle. The curve negotiation performances calculated by using the fixed stiffness model and variable stiffness model were compared and analyzed, and the wheel wear depth was calculated by the ZOBORY wear model. The calculation results show that by the variable stiffness model the wear power, wheel attack angle and creepforce of the wheel through the curve are effectively reduced. The wear depth of the 1wheelset’s right wheel calculated by the variable stiffness model in the straight line is reduced by 46%. The variable stiffness model under the curve condition greatly reduces the wheel wear. Meanwhile, when the radius of the curve is smaller, the variable stiffness model of the wheel decreases the wear effect better. When the two models are used in the case of 50 thousand km wear, the wear depth by the variable stiffness model is 42.2% smaller than that by the fixed stiffness model. Finally, the influences of different parameters of the fixed stiffness model on wheel wear were analysed. The influence of the series stiffness on the wear is the greatest. The parallel stiffness and the parallel damping coefficient have little influence on the wheel wear, but the dynamics influence should be also considered when the parameters are selected.