文化回归与自信:论空手道在中国高校的开展

Cultural Return and Confidence:the Development of Karate in Universities in China

已成为奥运会正式竞赛项目的空手道运动源于中国武术,发扬于琉球,现今风靡日本乃至世界。本文通过文献资料、专家访谈等研究方法,对空手道运动的发展历史进行解读,阐释了空手道"上海发展模式"值得各地借鉴的同时,从文化回归及文化自信两方面分析了空手道运动在中国高校开展具有一定的理论基础和文化渊源。首先,中国传统文化博大精深且兼蓄包容,充满自信。其次,中国传统文化思想指导下的武术技击文化亦强调"点到即止""不战而屈人之兵",反对暴力杀戮等理念,在空手道练习和竞赛过程中都得到良好体现与执行,是中国传统文化无比优秀的明证。空手道运动的"尚礼"思想在体育竞技运动中的具体表现,说明空手道是一项安全的对抗性运动。空手道既展示了项目所拥有的技击功用,又最大程度地保证了运动员的人身安全,是一项适合在高校开展的文明健身运动。

Karate which originated from Chinese martial arts,developed in Ryukyu and ispopular in Japan and the world today,has become the official event of the Olympic Games.This paper analyzes the development history of karate movement by means of literature and expert interviews,and explains that the"Shanghai development model"of karate is worth learning from all over the world.At the same time,it analyzes the theoretical basis and cultural origin of karate movement in Chinese universities from the aspects of cultural return and cultural confidence.Chinese traditional culture is profound,inclusive and full of self-confidence.Under the guidance of traditional Chinese culture,martial arts and attack culture also emphasize the"point to the end"and"the soldiers who do not fight but subjugate others."It is against violent killing.The"cultural return"of karate is a concrete manifestation of Chinese traditional culture"ShangLi"in competitive sports.As a safe adversarial sport,it shows the skill and impact function of the project.At the same time,it ensures the personal safety of athletes to the greatest extent,and is a"civilized"fitness exercise worth carrying out in colleges and universities.