美国国会辩论中关于气候变化话语建构

A Study of the Discursive Construction of Climate Change in the US Congress Debates

气候变化问题已然成为一个全球议题,牵涉到政治、经济、社会各方面。美国历届政府应对政策多变,每一个政策的出台都是各方博弈的结果。美国国会在气候变化问题的辩论一直持续不断,制约了政府的决策。本研究收集了美国国会2001-2017年关于气候变化的辩论转写文本,从话语分析的视角,运用语料库的研究方法,通过对主题词和检索行的分析,探讨美国国会关于气候变化问题的言语行为和话语实践,剖析争议焦点和话语策略,解读其政策摇摆背后的深层次原因。

Climate change has become a global issue and involved in every aspect of politics, economy and society. As the results of heated debates, the climate policies of successive American governments are not consistent. The ongoing debates on climate change in the US congress constrain the administration's decision-making. Based on the collected texts transcribed from the US congress debates on climate change from 2001 to 2017, this study uses a corpus-based approach to observe the key words and their concordance from the perspective of discourse analysis, explores the speech acts and discourse practice, analyses the debate focus and discursive strategies on climate change and interprets the underlying causes of policy instability.